Journal of Scientific Research and Development

This article examines the key issues arising in the formulation and implementation of policies and laws in contemporary Vietnam by clarifying the concepts, sources, and approval levels of policy. Through theoretical synthesis and practical analysis, the study identifies several major shortcomings, including ambiguities in certain policies, a lack of stability and coherence, the formalistic nature of impact assessment and consultation processes, limited coordination among relevant agencies, and insufficient resources for the formulation of some policies. On that basis, the article proposes directions for reforming the policy-making process in a more scientific, transparent, and evidence-based manner, with a view to improving the quality of legislation and enhancing implementation effectiveness in the context of development and international integration.

Vietnam is a country severely affected by non-traditional security threats, which have reached an alarming level and caused increasingly serious consequences, thereby requiring the promotion of innovation in economic management to respond effectively to these threats. This article analyses the theoretical issues of innovation and non-traditional security, examines the current state of innovation in economic management in Vietnam in the face of non-traditional security threats, and, on that basis, proposes solutions to promote innovation in economic management toward sustainable development, enhanced competitiveness, and stronger national self-reliance and resilience.

The digital economy is emerging as a key driver of growth and a crucial factor in enhancing national competitiveness. In Vietnam, this sector has been expanding rapidly, contributing 18.3% of GDP in 2024 and rising to 18.72% in the first half of 2025, with notable progress in e-commerce, digital payments, and e-government. However, the development of the digital economy still faces numerous barriers. Internally, major challenges include a fragmented digital infrastructure, an incomplete legal framework, shortages of high-quality human resources, traditional consumer habits, and limited digital transformation capacity among small and medium-sized enterprises. Externally, Vietnam’s digital economy remains highly dependent on international technology platforms and FDI inflows, while confronting regional technological gaps and cross-border cybersecurity risks. This article analyzes the current state of the digital economy, assesses the impacts of these barriers on the public sector, businesses, society, and individuals, and proposes directions and solutions to achieve the target of the digital economy accounting for 30% of GDP by 2030, in line with Resolution No. 57-NQ/TW (2024) of the 13^th Politburo.

This study evaluates the technical efficiency of high-tech swine farming in the Southeast region of Vietnam, drawing on survey data from 121 high-tech pig farms and applying Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with a configuration of six inputs and three outputs. The empirical findings indicate that under the input-oriented Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) model, the mean efficiency score is 0.881, which is lower than the 0.966 recorded under the Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) model. Building on these results, the research proposes four key policy implications designed to enhance high-tech pig farming efficiency in the Southeast region specifically and across the nation in general.

Customary law is a traditional social institution that plays an important role in regulating social relations in many ethnic communities. Gender equality is one of the key objectives of sustainable development and the protection of human rights in the contemporary context. Against this backdrop, the relationship between customary law and gender equality has increasingly attracted scholars' attention across various disciplines. Using a literature review and document analysis approach, this article systematizes and evaluates prior studies on customary law, gender equality, and the relationship between customary law and the implementation of gender equality within communities. On this basis, the article identifies several issues that warrant further investigation from both theoretical and practical perspectives.

This study described the phytochemical composition and evaluated the biological activities of ethanol extracts from Pouzolzia zeylanica tubers harvested from coastal sand dunes. Qualitative results showed that the extract was rich in saponins, phenolics, and flavonoids. Quantitative concentrations included total phenolics 74.39 ± 0.68 mg GAE/g, total flavonoids 28.96 ± 1.10 mg QE/g, and total saponins 176.25 ± 7.50 mg OA-eq/g. UPLC–QTOF–MS analysis identified 158 compounds, mainly triterpenoids and sterols. The extract exhibited antioxidant activity (IC50: DPPH 1.622 mg/mL; ABTS 0.609 mg/mL; FRP 0.320 mg/mL) and strong anti-inflammatory activity in the BSA denaturation model (IC50 0.024 mg/mL). Inhibitory activity against carbohydrate digestive enzymes was moderate. The results suggest that P. zeylanica is a rich source of triterpenoid-saponins with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.